2016-11-16

Angular2

Angular2
环境准备：
安装 Node.js and npm
Prerequisite: Install Node.js and npm
如果你的机器上还没有 Node.js 和 npm ，安装它们。我们的例子需要 node v5.x.x 或更高版本以及 npm 3.x.x 或更高版本。要检查你正在使用的版本，请在终端窗口中运行 node -v 和 npm -v 命令。
创建并配置本项目
创建项目目录
1
2
mkdir angular-quickstart
cd angular-quickstart

创建配置文件

package.json

{
  "name": "angular-quickstart",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "tsc && concurrently \"tsc -w\" \"lite-server\" ",
    "lite": "lite-server",
    "tsc": "tsc",
    "tsc:w": "tsc -w"
  },
  "licenses": [
    {
      "type": "MIT",
      "url": "https://github.com/angular/angular.io/blob/master/LICENSE"
    }
  ],
  "dependencies": {
    "@angular/common": "~2.1.1",
    "@angular/compiler": "~2.1.1",
    "@angular/core": "~2.1.1",
    "@angular/forms": "~2.1.1",
    "@angular/http": "~2.1.1",
    "@angular/platform-browser": "~2.1.1",
    "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "~2.1.1",
    "@angular/router": "~3.1.1",
    "@angular/upgrade": "~2.1.1",
    "angular-in-memory-web-api": "~0.1.13",
    "core-js": "^2.4.1",
    "reflect-metadata": "^0.1.8",
    "rxjs": "5.0.0-beta.12",
    "systemjs": "0.19.39",
    "zone.js": "^0.6.25"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/core-js": "^0.9.34",
    "@types/node": "^6.0.45",
    "concurrently": "^3.0.0",
    "lite-server": "^2.2.2",
    "typescript": "^2.0.3"
  }
}

tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "commonjs",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "removeComments": false,
    "noImplicitAny": false
  }
}

systemjs.config.js

/**
 * System configuration for Angular samples
 * Adjust as necessary for your application needs.
 */
(function (global) {
  System.config({
    paths: {
      // paths serve as alias
      'npm:': 'node_modules/'
    },
    // map tells the System loader where to look for things
    map: {
      // our app is within the app folder
      app: 'app',
      // angular bundles
      '@angular/core': 'npm:@angular/core/bundles/core.umd.js',
      '@angular/common': 'npm:@angular/common/bundles/common.umd.js',
      '@angular/compiler': 'npm:@angular/compiler/bundles/compiler.umd.js',
      '@angular/platform-browser': 'npm:@angular/platform-browser/bundles/platform-browser.umd.js',
      '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic': 'npm:@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/bundles/platform-browser-dynamic.umd.js',
      '@angular/http': 'npm:@angular/http/bundles/http.umd.js',
      '@angular/router': 'npm:@angular/router/bundles/router.umd.js',
      '@angular/forms': 'npm:@angular/forms/bundles/forms.umd.js',
      '@angular/upgrade': 'npm:@angular/upgrade/bundles/upgrade.umd.js',
      // other libraries
      'rxjs':                      'npm:rxjs',
      'angular-in-memory-web-api': 'npm:angular-in-memory-web-api/bundles/in-memory-web-api.umd.js'
    },
    // packages tells the System loader how to load when no filename and/or no extension
    packages: {
      app: {
        main: './main.js',
        defaultExtension: 'js'
      },
      rxjs: {
        defaultExtension: 'js'
      }
    }
  });
})(this);

安装依赖包

1	npm install

之后显示如下目录结构：
angular-quickstart
|-node_modules …
|-package.json
|-systemjs.config.js
|-tsconfig.json

创建应用

mkdir app

创建根模块文件

app/app.module.ts

import { NgModule }      from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { AppComponent }   from './app.component';
@NgModule({
  imports:      [ BrowserModule ],
  declarations: [ AppComponent ],
  bootstrap:    [ AppComponent ]
})
export class AppModule { }

创建组件并添加到应用中

app/app.component.ts

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
@Component({
  selector: 'my-app',
  template: '<h1>My First Angular App</h1>'
})
export class AppComponent { }

创建启动文件

app/main.ts

import { platformBrowserDynamic } from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
import { AppModule } from './app.module';
const platform = platformBrowserDynamic();
platform.bootstrapModule(AppModule);

ps:为什么要分别创建 main.ts 、应用模块和应用组件的文件呢？
应用的引导过程与创建模块或者展现视图是相互独立的关注点。如果该组件不会试图运行整个应用，那么测试它就会更容易。
引导过程是与平台有关的
但我们应该用正确的方式组织 Angular 应用的文件结构。启动 App 与展现视图是两个相互分离的关注点。把这些关注点混在一起会增加不必要的难度。
可以通过使用不同的引导器 (bootstraper) 来在不同的环境中启动 AppComponent 。测试组件也变得更容易，因为不需要再运行整个程序才能跑测试。
让我们多花一点精力来用 “正确的方式” 实现它。

定义该应用的宿主页面

在project root目录下创建index.html

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Angular QuickStart</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
    <!-- 1. Load libraries -->
     <!-- Polyfill(s) for older browsers -->
    <script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
    <script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
    <script src="node_modules/reflect-metadata/Reflect.js"></script>
    <script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
    <!-- 2. Configure SystemJS -->
    <script src="systemjs.config.js"></script>
    <script>
      System.import('app').catch(function(err){ console.error(err); });
    </script>
  </head>
  <!-- 3. Display the application -->
  <body>
    <my-app>Loading...</my-app>
  </body>
</html>

添加样式

在project root目录下创建styles.css 文件

/* Master Styles */
h1 {
  color: #369;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  font-size: 250%;
}
h2, h3 {
  color: #444;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  font-weight: lighter;
}
body {
  margin: 2em;
}

编译并运行应用程序

npm start

稍后，一个浏览器页标签就会打开并显示出来。

My First Angular App

好了，到这里，我们的第一个最简单的angular2 app就完成了。开启你的angular2旅程吧!

Title:Angular2

Author:KangBaZi

Created:2016-11-16, 15:26:31

Updated:2016-11-16, 15:45:25

Full URL:http://kangbazi.top/technology/angular2/

License: "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0" Keep Link & Author if Distribute.

环境准备：

创建并配置本项目